90.4 % of the pregnancies (n = 47) (88.2 % of live born babies (n = 15)) have occurred in spontaneous cycles. At around the age of puberty, girls may undergo estrogen replacement therapy. Hagman A, Loft A, Wennerholm UB, Pinborg A, Bergh C, Aittomäki K, et al. Hereditas. At around the age of puberty, girls may undergo estrogen replacement therapy. Privacy PubMed Google Scholar. doi: 10.1093/hropen/hoz016. ED conceived of the study, participated in the design, obtained the data and drafted the manuscript. Hum Genet. The postnatal investigation was of a patient who underwent karyotype analysis at the age of 15 due to mental retardation and a deletion was detected between the regions of 18q21.3 and q23. International consensus: ovarian tissue cryopreservation in young Turner syndrome patients: outcomes of an ethical Delphi study including 55 experts from 16 different countries. 2014;133:417–24. NIH 2012;163:47–51. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2010. Clin Genet. Late-Onset Puberty Induction by Transdermal Estrogen in Turner Syndrome Girls-A Longitudinal Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Approach to the patient with Turner syndrome. Risks can be reduced by transferring only one embryo at a time to the uterus, thus avoiding twin pregnancies. Switzerland: Karger; 2009. Moreover, Cox-regression analysis demonstrated that the age of menarche, age of marriage and mosaicism ratio did not affect the time-to-first pregnancy. 1993;329:1213–8. An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (ISCN-2009) Basel. In Heather’s case, she was able to work with her health care team to navigate a healthy pregnancy and start a beautiful family. Turner syndrome, also referred to as congenital ovarian hypoplasia syndrome, ... this is because some mothers carrying fetuses with Turner syndrome choose to terminate the pregnancy. Fecundability analysis revealed that 5 % of the cases experienced first pregnancy within 6 months and 8 % within the first 2 years. Middle East Fertil Soc J. It's vital her womb is healthy and has developed fully … PIP: Tarani et al. In the study by Birkebaek et al., evaluating 410 Danish women with TS, 27 out of 31 women who could spontaneously conceive, at least once, had a TS diagnosis [4]. 3 In approximately 50% of the cases, the affected individuals have a 45,X karyotype, whereas the others display various abnormalities of one of their sex chromosomes or may be mosaic. Am J Hum Genet. Assisted conception techniques, such as egg donation and in vitro fertilisation (IVF), may be recommended for women with Turner syndrome who want to have children. The following systemic disorders were diagnosed in the patients; hypothyroidism in three, type 2 diabetes in three, asthma in one and generalized anxiety disorder in one patients. However karyotyping was performed for nine cases in our study group due to recurrent pregnancy loss. You will need to work closely with your doctor to make sure your health won't be affected by pregnancy. Simpson et al. Mosaic Turner Syndrome. So it's important to … Mean birth weight of these newborns was found as 3355 ± 140 gr (±SE). Oocyte donation is now a treatment option for infertility of these women. Low-level sex chromosome mosaicism in female partners of couples undergoing ICSI therapy does not significantly affect treatment outcome. Pienkowski C, Menendez M, Cartault A, Lorenzini F, Lesourd F, Tauber M. Gynecol Obstet Fertil. Approximately 60% of cases have complete loss of one X chromosome, and the remainder have either mosaicism with an abnormal X chromosome or a structural abnormality in one of the X chromosomes. In a current pregnancy, an ultrasound may reveal markers for the condition, but diagnosis can only be confirmed with genetic testing such as amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling (CVS). 2009 Jul;25(7):460-3. doi: 10.1080/09513590902898247. Besides, maternal age significantly affects gains and losses in sex chromosomes [51–53]. Symptoms. I have been married for a little over 2 years. [Procreation in Turner's syndrome: which recommendations before, during and after pregnancy?]. CAS  N Engl J Med. This hormone, along with progesterone, is given to start breast development and induce monthly periods. 2001;7:603–10. of Turner syndrome. And there have been some reports of false positives for the condition, even with amniocentesis.2 In newborn babies, the diagnosis can be confirmed with a blood test. Turner syndrome patients’ ultrasound profile. A non-mosaic 45,X karyotype in a mother with TurnerÕs syndrome Ford JH, Russell JA. spontaneous pregnancy with mosaic (more frequent) and pure karyotype. 1985;37:973–83. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. Non-parametric tests such as Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare non-parametric variables between cases with high-grade mosaicisim and low-grade mosaicism. El-Mansoury M, Barrenäs ML, Bryman I, Hanson C, Larsson C, Wilhelmsen L, et al. 2009;94:74–80. Review. Nowinski GP, Van Dyke DL, Tilley BC, Jacobsen G, Babu WR, Worsham MJ, et al. - Duration: 6:20. Patients with Turner’s syndrome may have an inherent endometrial abnormality affecting receptivity in oocyte donation. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2008 Turkey Demographic and Health Survey TDHS-2008; main report: 98. http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/eng/tdhs08/ar.shtml. Abir R, Fisch B, Nahum R, Orvieto R, Nitke S, Ben RZ. Pregnancy in patients with Turner’s syndrome: six new cases and review of literature. 2003;82:775–6. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. Turner syndrome (TS), characterized by a total or partial absence of one X chromosome, affects one in 2,500–5,000 live born girls. Women with mosaic Turner syndrome are considered to be a high-risk pregnancy. Yaron Y, Ochshorn Y, Amit A, Yovel I, Kogosowki A, Lessing JB. The children born following oocyte donation have no additional risks. Limitations of our study include its retrospective design, presence of some data that are based on patients’ memory, absence of a control group and inability to perform a karyotype analysis in all newborns. Those who can are still likely to experience failure of the ovaries and subsequent infertility very early in adulthood. Turner syndrome and Mosaic Turner syndrome are not anyone’s fault. Turner’s syndrome (TS) is depicted as a total or partial absence of one X chromosome that results in ovarian dysgenesis. The remaining patients are mosaic cases carrying normal and abnormal cell lines together (most of them had 45,X/46,XX karyotype) (15-23 %), those with isochromosome in long arm of X chromosome (i(Xq)) (14 %), those with ring X chromosome (r(X)) (3-11 %) and those with 46,XX karyotype but having partial losses in one X chromosome (9 %). Mosaic Turner syndrome, occurring when a person has some cells with one X chromosome and some cells with two X chromosomes, is also not inherited. Chances of spontaneous pregnancy in TS are rare and the outcome of the pregnancies is known to be poor with an increased risk of miscarriage and stillbirths. 2001;134:153–9. Mosaic Turner syndrome, mosaicism, or Turner mosaicism is where the abnormalities occur only in the X chromosome of some of the body’s cells. Ovarian failure and amenorrhea are the typical features in Turner's syndrome resulting from an accelerated loss of oocytes from the ovaries after the 18th week of fetal life or over a few postnatal months or years. A unique case of trichorionic quadruplet pregnancy after oocyte donation in a patient with Turner's syndrome. Gynecol Obstet Invest. TurnerFertility trial: PROTOCOL for an observational cohort study to describe the efficacy of ovarian tissue cryopreservation for fertility preservation in females with Turner syndrome. have reported miscarriage rate as 68.6 % in patients with diminished ovarian reserve and 44.1 % in patients without diminished ovarian reserve among cases who had a history of prior recurrent spontaneous abortions with X chromosome mosaicism [38]. CAS  All authors read and approved the final manuscript. eCollection 2018. One patient was determined to have 45,X/46,XX inv(9)p11q13 karyotype. This retrospective study evaluated 706 female patients who underwent karyotyping between 2009–2013 in the laboratory of Medical Genetics Department of our tertiary health institution. Google Scholar. Mosaic Turner Syndrome plus pregnancy! Demirhan O, Tanrıverdi N, Tunç E, Inandıklıoğlu N, Süleymanova D. Frequency and types of chromosomal abnormalities in Turkish women with amenorrhea. It is also important that you have had a full … 2012;9 Suppl 2:713–7. Google Scholar. In rare cases, Turner syndrome may be caused by a missing piece (partial deletion) of the X chromosome. Chances of spontaneous pregnancy in TS are rare and the outcome of the pregnancies is known to be poor with an increased risk of miscarriage and stillbirths. Pregnancy rates of these cases were found to be comparable with other women in donation programs or probably lower due to diminished endometrial receptivity [34, 35]. Saenger P. Turner’s syndrome. 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